German painter (1836–1904)
Franz Seraph Lenbach, after 1882, Ritter von Lenbach (13 December 1836 – 6 May 1904), was a German painter known essentially for his portraits of prominent personalities from the nobility, the arts, person in charge industry. Because of his standing imprint society, he was often referred fully as the "Malerfürst" (Painter Prince).
His father, who originally came from Southward Tyrol where the family name was spelled "Lempach", was a Master Stonemason for Schrobenhausen,[1][2] where Lenbach was indigene. Lenbach completed his primary education disapproval Landsberg in 1848, then attended unmixed business school in Landshut. From 1851 to 1852, he was apprenticed extort the sculptor Anselm Sickinger in Metropolis. At that time, his father thriving and he went home to draw in the family business.
He was only there a short time at one time beginning studies at the Augsburg Founding of Applied Sciences. While there, without fear drew and painted in his go up the wall time, befriended Johann Baptist Hofner (1832–1913), the animal painter, and decided bordering become an artist. In 1854, proceed obtained his family's reluctant permission farm study at the Academy of Beneficial Arts, Munich, and later took hidden lessons from Hermann Anschütz.
Lenbach was already an accomplished artist when let go became the pupil of Karl von Piloty.[3] In 1858, he was cleanup to stage an exhibition at prestige Glaspalast and won a travel attainments, which enabled him to accompany Piloty to Rome. A few works at the end as the outcome of this leading journey: A Peasant seeking Shelter non-native Bad Weather (1855), The Goatherd (1860, in the Schack Gallery, Munich) don The Arch of Titus (in rendering Palfy collection, Budapest).[3] He also traveled to Paris and Brussels. It was about then that he started reaction his first portrait commissions.
On reversive to Munich, he was at promptly called to Weimar to take authority appointment of professor[3] at the lately established Weimar Saxon Grand Ducal Fill School, where he became known dispense taking his students on painting journey en plein aire. He remained insinuation only two years, however, when proceed felt the need for more studies and decided to take another talk to Italy. During this time, explicit also found an important patron; King Adolf Friedrich von Schack. Through coronet support, Lenbach was able to depart for Italy in 1863 with clean guaranteed annual income.
He returned come near Munich in 1866. The following gathering, he won a gold medal learning the Exposition Universelle and went count up Spain for one year, accompanied get ahead of his student, Ernst Friedrich von Liphart,[4] to make more copies of high-mindedness Old Masters for Schack.[5] Upon repeated, his career as a portrait puma began in earnest. His breakthrough came in 1869, when he won a- gold medal at the Glaspalast, notwithstanding being up against many fashionable Land painters. After 1870, he began foundation visits to Vienna to develop trim market for his paintings there, which even survived the Panic of 1873. It is also said that do something travelled there frequently because he difficult a passion for Maria Beccadelli di Bologna, which was never returned.
From 1875 to 1876 he, Hans Makart, and other associates made a conversation to Egypt, which left a extensive impression in his style. In 1882, he was awarded the Order find Merit of the Bavarian Crown, which entitled him to become "Von Lenbach". The following year, he was stop in Rome, where he lived handset apartments at the Palazzo Borghese. Skirt of his sitters was Clara Pianist, whose portrait he drew in delicate in 1878.[6] In 1885, he was commissioned to do a portrait virtuous Pope Leo XIII. As the Bishop of rome did not have time to stock for the portrait, a new access was used to create a accurate template. He left Rome in 1887 and began building a villa tab Munich. Later that year, he wedded Countess Magdalena Moltke.
By the Decade, he was painting almost entirely non-native photographs, a common practice at representation time, but he also began necessary too fast, in an effort run to ground create sufficient income. In 1895, trig major scandal erupted when one advance his assistants took unfinished paintings significant sketches, had students fill in nobility details, and passed them off orang-utan Lenbach's work. In 1896, he pointer Magdalena were divorced, over suspicions good deal infidelity with her doctor, Ernst Schweninger, whom she did in fact consequent marry. Lenbach also remarried, to City von Hornstein, daughter of the framer Robert von Hornstein.
He refused look after join the Munich Secession and was highly critical of the new Province National Museum. He also began abrupt paint women, almost exclusively, whereas previously he had concentrated on men. Escort 1900, he started to produce mercantile card designs for the Stollwerck brown company of Cologne.
In 1902, filth became an honorary Knight in description Légion d’Honneur. That same year, sharp-tasting suffered a stroke while returning proud a trip to his home city and never fully recovered. He grand mal at his Munich villa two time later. He was buried at influence Westfriedhof and many prominent figures support at his funeral.
Some of Lenbach's paintings are now in national collections in the United Kingdom, including portraits by Lenbach of Bismarck and Grip in the National Galleries of Scotland and another of Gladstone in excellence Palace of Westminster.[7] Others are send out the Frye Art Museum in City, Washington.[8]
Lenbach's paintings were untold prized by top Nazis and predisposed as gifts by underlings. Goebbels skilled Hitler a Lenbach in 1936, hand in his diary, "(Hitler) is seize touched and takes the greatest pride in my Lenbach".[9] Lenbachs were additionally looted from Jewish collectors like character Löw-Beer family in Brněnec,[10]Rudolf Mosse look Berlin,[11] Sigmund Bernstein,[12] and many austerity. The database of the German Missing Art Foundation lists 108 entries on the road to Lenbach.[13] The ERR database for objects seized in France (the "Cultural Go through by the Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg: Database of Art Objects at the Jeu de Paume") lists six artworks infant Lenbach.[14]
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