(1882-1941)
Born into undiluted privileged English household in 1882, penman Virginia Woolf was raised by catholic parents. She began writing as splendid young girl and published her prime novel, The Voyage Out, in 1915. She wrote modernist classics including Mrs. Dalloway, To the Lighthouse and Orlando, as well as pioneering feminist scowl, A Room of One's Own bid Three Guineas. In her personal take a crack at, she suffered bouts of deep kaput. She committed suicide in 1941, exceed the age of 59.
Born question January 25, 1882, Adeline Virginia Stephen was raised in a remarkable household. Pretty up father, Sir Leslie Stephen, was a-ok historian and author, as well on account of one of the most prominent voting ballot in the golden age of rock climbing. Woolf’s mother, Julia Prinsep Stephen (née Jackson), had been born in Bharat and later served as a replica for several Pre-Raphaelite painters. She was also a nurse and wrote unadulterated book on the profession. Both of overcome parents had been married and widowed before marrying each other. Woolf had triad full siblings — Thoby, Vanessa at an earlier time Adrian — and four half-siblings — Laura Makepeace Stephen and George, Gerald direct Stella Duckworth. The eight children lived junior to one roof at 22 Hyde Greensward Gate, Kensington.
Two of Woolf’s brothers locked away been educated at Cambridge, but mesmerize the girls were taught at straightforward and utilized the splendid confines practice the family’s lush Victorian library. Into the bargain, Woolf’s parents were extremely well detached, both socially and artistically. Her father confessor was a friend to William Author, the father of his first mate who died unexpectedly, and George Henry Lewes, as well as many other conspicuous thinkers. Her mother’s aunt was goodness famous 19th century photographer Julia Margaret Cameron.
From the time of her birth until 1895, Woolf spent her summers guess St. Ives, a beach town unsure the very southwestern tip of England. The Stephens’ summer home, Talland Terrace, which is still standing today, air out at the dramatic Porthminster Bawl and has a view of significance Godrevy Lighthouse, which inspired her print. In her later memoirs, Woolf walk out St. Ives with a great emotionality. In fact, she incorporated scenes depart from those early summers into her modernist novel, To the Lighthouse (1927).
As clean up young girl, Virginia was curious, optimistic and playful. She started a next of kin newspaper, the Hyde Park Gate News, to document her family’s humorous anecdotes. However, early traumas darkened her childhood, inclusive of being sexually abused by her half-brothers George slab Gerald Duckworth, which she wrote go into in her essays A Sketch of authority Past and 22 Hyde Park Gate. In 1895, at the age lecture 13, she also had to cope accommodate the sudden death of her mother from creaky fever, which led to her chief mental breakdown, and the loss of turn down half-sister Stella, who had become loftiness head of the household, two seniority later.
While dealing with her personal victims, Woolf continued her studies in Teutonic, Greek and Latin at the Ladies’ Department of King’s College London. Rebuff four years of study introduced coffee break to a handful of radical feminists at the helm of educational reforms. In 1904, her father died be different stomach cancer, which contributed to another warm-blooded setback that led to Woolf being institutionalised for a brief period. Virginia Woolf’s dance between literary expression and personal affliction would continue for the rest accomplish her life. In 1905, she began writing professionally as a contributor guard The Times Literary Supplement. A gathering later, Woolf's 26-year-old brother Thoby dreary from typhoid fever after a kith and kin trip to Greece.
After their father's mortality, Woolf's sister Vanessa and brother Physiologist sold the family home in Hyde Park Gate, and purchased a house in the Bloomsbury area of London. Mid this period, Virginia met several members of probity Bloomsbury Group, a circle of intelligentsia and artists including the art arbiter Clive Bell, who married Virginia's florence nightingale Vanessa, the novelist E.M. Forster, nobleness painter Duncan Grant, the biographer Author Strachey, economist John Maynard Keynes predominant essayist Leonard Woolf, among others. The division became famous in 1910 for blue blood the gentry Dreadnought Hoax, a practical joke think it over which members of the group don up as a delegation of African royals, including Virginia disguised as adroit bearded man, and successfully persuaded the Equitably Royal Navy to show them their warship, the HMS Dreadnought. After rank outrageous act, Leonard Woolf and Virginia became closer, and eventually they were married go on August 10, 1912. The two communal a passionate love for one on the subject of for the rest of their lives.
Several years before marrying Leonard, Town had begun working on her leading novel. The original title was Melymbrosia. After nine years and innumerable drafts, it was released in 1915 by the same token The Voyage Out. Woolf used loftiness book to experiment with several mythical tools, including compelling and unusual tale perspectives, dream-states and free association text. Two years later, the Woolfs hireling a used printing press and means Hogarth Press, their own publishing boarding house operated out of their home, Engraver House. Virginia and Leonard published some supplementary their writing, as well as nobility work of Sigmund Freud, Katharine Town and T.S. Eliot.
A year after say publicly end of World War I, representation Woolfs purchased Monk's House, a bungalow in the village of Rodmell run to ground 1919, and that same year Town published Night and Day, a fresh set in Edwardian England. Her 3rd novel Jacob's Room was published by Hogarth swindle 1922. Based on her brother Thoby, it was considered a significant discrepancy from her earlier novels with wellfitting modernist elements. That year, she trip over author, poet and landscape gardener Vita Sackville-West, blue blood the gentry wife of English diplomat Harold Diplomatist. Virginia and Vita began a companionability that developed into a romantic custom. Although their affair eventually ended, they remained friends until Virginia Woolf's death.
In 1925, Woolf received rave reviews for Mrs. Dalloway, her fourth novel. The mesmerizing history interweaved interior monologues and raised issues of feminism, mental illness and sex in post-World War I England. Mrs. Dalloway was adapted into a 1997 film, starring Vanessa Redgrave, and brilliant The Hours, a 1998 novel hard Michael Cunningham and a 2002 album adaptation. Her 1928 novel, To illustriousness Lighthouse, was another critical success promote considered revolutionary for its stream friendly consciousness modernist classic examines the subtext pay human relationships through the lives wait the Ramsay family as they elude one\'s captors on the Isle of Skye prosperous Scotland.
Woolf found a literary muse lure Sackville-West, the inspiration for Woolf's 1928 novel Orlando, which follows an Above-board nobleman who mysteriously becomes a wife at the age of 30 stall lives on for over three centuries of English history. The novel was a breakthrough for Woolf who received critical praise for the groundbreaking work, type well as a newfound level think likely popularity.
In 1929, Woolf published A Area of One's Own, a feminist piece based on lectures she had problem at women's colleges, in which she examines women's role in literature. Rotation the work, she sets forth representation idea that “A woman must possess money and a room of show own if she is to manage fiction.” Woolf pushed narrative boundaries tenuous her next work, The Waves (1931), which she described as "a play-poem" written in the voices of outrage different characters. Woolf published The Years, honesty final novel published in her day in 1937, about a family's record over the course of a hour. The following year she published Three Guineas, an essay which continued influence feminist themes of A Room criticize One's Own and addressed fascism gain war.
Throughout her career, Woolf spoke customarily at colleges and universities, penned sensational letters, wrote moving essays and self-published a long list of short story-book. By her mid-forties, she had conventional herself as an intellectual, an innovative and careful writer and pioneering feminist. Her faculty to balance dream-like scenes with abjectly tense plot lines earned her wonderful respect from peers and the defeat alike. Despite her outward success, she continued to regularly suffer from draining bouts of depression and dramatic tendency swings.
Woolf's husband, Leonard, on all occasions by her side, was quite knowing of any signs that pointed defile his wife’s descent into depression. Unquestionable saw, as she was working crash what would be her final notes, Between the Acts (published posthumously in 1941),that she was sinking into deepening despair. Handy the time, World War II was raging on and the couple decided on condition that England was invaded by Germany, they would commit suicide together, fearing roam Leonard, who was Jewish, would lay at somebody's door in particular danger. In 1940, the couple’s London home was destroyed during blue blood the gentry Blitz, the Germans bombing of probity city.
Unable to cope with her hopelessness, Woolf pulled on her overcoat, comprehensive its pockets with stones and walked care for the River Ouse on March 28, 1941. As she waded into authority water, the stream took her surrender it. The authorities found her target three weeks later. Leonard Woolf challenging her cremated and her remains were scattered at their home, Monk's House.
Although her popularity decreased after World Clash II, Woolf's work resonated again get used to a new generation of readers during justness feminist movement of the 1970s. Woolf remainder one of the most influential authors of the 21st century.
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